Burner head for gaseous fuel



Sept. 7, 1965 R. D. REED BURNER HEAD FOR GASEOUS FUEL Filed Jan. 5, 1963 17 INVENTOR.

ROBERT D. REED ATTORNEY United States Patent 3,204,684 BURNER HEAD FOR GASEUUS FUEL Robert D. Reed, Tulsa, Okla, assignor to John Zinlr Company, Tulsa, Okla, a corporation of Delaware Filed Jan. 3, 1963, Ser. No. 249,253 2 Claims. (Cl. 158-116) The present invention relates to a burner for combustion of gaseous fuel and the invention more particularly pertains to the tip structure which provides a relatively thin fan-shaped flame and includes baffle vanes and auxiliary ports to maintain ignition and stable combustion of a major portion of the gaseous fuel mixture which escape through the main discharge port.

It is an object of the invention to provide a burner for gaseous fuel wherein the air mixed with the gaseous fuel is sufiicient for complete combustion of the gaseous fuel or the fuel may contain less than theoretical air with the remainder of the air supply as secondary air and with the fuel escaping through a main discharge port at velocities as great as one hundred or one hundred fifty feet per second and it is an object of the invention to provide structure in the vicinity of the main discharge port to maintain sufiicient heat in that area to provide for kindling and rekindling of the fuel and maintain stable operation of the burner.

Another object of the invention is to provide a burner tip for gaseous fuel which develops a relatively thin fanshaped flame suitable for the development of heat within a furnace chamber or for heat treatment of a localized portion of a structure in open air.

Other objects and features of the invention will be appreciated and become apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains as the present disclosure proceeds and upon consideration of the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing wherein an exemplary embodiment of the invention is disclosed.

In the drawing:

FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a burner head embodying the invention in a typical application with refractory structures illustrated in section.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the elements shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the burner head taken on the line 3-3 of FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a similar sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of FIG. 2.

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 55 of FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is a diagrammatical view illustrating the fanshaped character of the flame produced by the burner head.

FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic view showing the thin characteristics of the fan-shaped flame.

The invention is directed to a burner tip for gaseous fuel which may be employed for developing heat within a furnace chamber or may be employed in the open air for other heating purposes. The burner head is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in association with a refractory member 11 which is adapted to fit within an opening 12 provided in the wall 14) which may form a portion of a furnace chamber. A sheet metal covering 14 may be provided at the exterior of the furnace wall covering portions of the refractory member 11. The refractory member 11 is provided with a cylindrical shaped opening 16 which extends therethrough and the downstream face of the refractory member is provided with a cavity 17. Substantially parallel faces 13 and 19 define sides of the cavity. An angular surface 21 diverges from the axis of the opening 16 in proceeding downstream of the assembly and extends between the side walls 13 and 19.

A similar surface 22 is provided at the opposite side of the opening 16.

The burner head 23 is provided with a Ihemi-spherical shaped tip portion. A pipe 24 guides a mixture of gas and air to the burner head and serves to support the burner head in the opening 16. The pipe 24 may be supported by a yoke member 26 attached :to the furnace wall 10. An annular space is provided between the exterior of the pipe 24 and the cylindrical surface forming the opening 16 in the refractory member 11. This annular space serves as a passage for secondary air in installations wherein the volume of air mixed with the gaseous air is less than theoretical air and for the flow of auxiliary air to the combustion zone. An air control member 27 is mounted for sliding movement on the pipe 24 for interrupting the flow of air in the annular space around the pipe 24 and for controlling the volume of such air.

The tip portion of the burner 23 is provided with a slot 31 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 which extends throughout approximately one hundred eighty degrees and it contitutes a main discharge port for the escape of a major portion of the gaseous fuel mixture. When the gaseous fuel is supplied at a pressure of about two and onequarter inches of water the velocity of the gaseous fuel escaping through the discharge slot 31 may be as much as one hundred feet per second. When the gaseous fuel mixture is supplied into the pipe 24 at the pressure of about four inches of water the gaseous fuel is discharged at about one hundred and thirty-three feet per second. Such velocities develop pronounced low pressure zones adjacent and around the stream of escaping gaseous fuel. If air was allowed to rush into this low pressure area without restriction the cooling eifect of such air would chill these zones to such an extent as to reduce the temperature below that required for kindling of the gaseous fuel. The zones of lowest pressures are immediately adjacent the slot 31 and immediately downstream of this discharge port.

The invention includes means for developing and maintaining sufficient heat adjacent the slot 31 to maintain kindling of the fuel mixture escaping therethrough and to proivde for stable operation of the burner head. Such means includes baffle vanes 33 and 34. These baffle vanes are in the form of arcuate plates which may be welded as indicated at 36 (FIG. 4) to the exterior of the hemi-spherical shaped burner tip. The baffle vanes 33 and 34 are spaced laterally from the slot 31 and the downstream edges are desirably of arcuate configuration as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.

A group of discharge ports 38 are provided in the burner tip structure between the discharge slot 31 and the baffie vane 33. These discharge ports are in the form of holes arranged as a row and circumferentially spaced from each other over a major portion of the hemi-spherical shaped tip. The axis of each of the discharge ports 38 is disposed at an acute angle with reference to the axis of the burner head so that minor portions of the gaseous fuel escaping through the discharge ports 38 strike the inner face of the bafile vane 33. A similar group of discharge ports 39 are provided at the opposite side of the slot 31 and release minor portions of the gaseous fuel mixture against the inner face of the baflle vane 34.

The gaseous fuel escaping through the discharge ports 38 and 39 strike the associated baffle vane. Turbulence is created and their is flow of the gaseous fuel mixture in two directions as indicated to the right in FIG. 4. The combustion of these minor portions of the gaseous fuel along the inner face of each bafiie vane 33 and 34 develops heat along each side of the discharge slot 31 and maintain ignition of the major fuel stream. The baffle vanes 33 and 34 serve to prevent unrestricted flow of air towards the slot 31 and the heat developed by combustion of the fuel mixture escaping through the discharge ports 38 and 39 maintains sufficient heat to rekindle the gaseous fuel mixture escaping through the main discharge slot 31.

The gaseous fuel discharged through the slot 31 which extends over substantially one hundred and eighty degrees of the burner tip develops a flame having a generally fan shape as shown in FIG. 6 and which extends along and spaced from the angular surfaces 21 and 22 of the refractory member 11. This flame is relatively thin as depicted in FIG. 7.

While the invention has been described with regard to a typical application of the burner tip to refractory structures it will be appreciated that changes may be made in the overall organization as Well as the ceramic members and the burner head. The burner head functions reliably in open air and the refractory structures may be omitted. Such modifications and others may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A burner head for the combustion of a gaseous fuel comprising, a pipe for guiding gaseous fuel under pressure, a hemi-spherical shaped tip having a diameter substantially equal to said pipe and carried by the downstream end of said pipe, said tip having an elongated slot whose ends are located at opposite sides of the terminal portion of the pipe for the discharge of a major portion of the gaseous fuel, a plate shaped baffle vane carried by said tip spaced from one side of said slot and disposed substantially parallel to the length of said slot, a second plate shaped baflie vane carried by said tip spaced from the opposite side of said slot and disposed substantially parallel to the length of said slot, said bafile vanes extending substantially throughout the length of the slot, said tip having discharge ports spaced from each other at one side of the slot Within the length of one of said baffle vanes with their exit ends disposed to direct minor portions of the gaseous fuel escaping through said ports against the inner face of one of said bafile vanes, said tip having discharge ports spaced from each other at the other side of said slot within the length of the other of said baffle vanes with the exit ends thereof disposed to direct minor portions of the gaseous fuel escaping therethrough against the inner face of the other baffle vane, and the free edges of said baifie vanes being substantially coaxial with the outer edges of the slot.

2. A burner head for the combustion of gaseous fuel according to claim 1 wherein end edges of the bame vanes are substantially aligned with the external surface of said pipe.

References (Iited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,512,579 10/24 Davison 158-99 2,011,283 8/35 Huff 1587 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,5 1880 Great Britain. 14,739 5/97 Switzerland.

JAMES W. WESTHAVER, Primary Examiner.

MEYER PERLIN, Examiner. 

1. A BURNER HEAD FOR THE COMBUSTION OF A GASEOUS FUEL COMPRISING, A PIPE FOR GUIDING GASEOUS FUEL UNDER PRESSURE, AW HEMI-SPHERICAL SHAPED TIP HAVING A DIAMETER SUBSTANTIALLY EQUAL TO SAID PIPE AND CARRIED BY THE DOWNSTREAM END OF SAID PIPE, SAID TIP HAVING AN ELONGATED SLOT WHOSE ENDS ARE LOCATED AT OPPOSITE SIDES OF THE TERMINAL PORTION OF THE PIPE FOR THE DISCHARGE OF A MAJOR PORTION OF THE GASEOUS FUEL, A PLATE SHAPED BAFFLE VANE CARRIED BY SAID TIP SPACED FROM ONE SIDE OF SAID SLOT AND DISPOSED SUBSTANTIALLY PARALLEL TO THE LENGTH TO SAID SLOT, A SECOND PLATE SHAPED BAFFLE VANE CARRIED BY SAID TIP SPACED FROM THE OPPOSITE SIDE OF SAID SLOT AND DISPOSED SUBSTANTIALLY PARALLEL TO THE LENGTH OF SAID SLOT, SAID BAFFLE VANES EXTENDING SUBSTANTIALLY THROUGHOUT THE LENGTH OF THE SLOT, SAID TIP HAVING DISCHARGE PORTS SPACED FROM EACH OTHER AT ONE SIDE OF THE SLOT WITHIN THE LENGTH OF ONE OF SAID BAFFLE VANES WITH THEIR EXIT ENDS DISPOSED TO DIRECT MINOR PORTIONS OF THE GASEOUS FUEL ESCAPING THROUGH SAID PORTS AGAINST THE INNER FACE OF ONE OF SAID BAFFLE VANES, SAID TIP HAVING DISCHARGE PORTS SPACED FROM EACH OTHER AT THE OTHER SIDE OF SAID SLOT WITHIN THE LENGTH OF THE OTHER OF SAID BAFFLE VANES WITH THE EXIT ENDS THEREOF DISPOSED TO DIRECTG MINOR PORTIONS OF THE GASEOUS FUEL ESCAPING THERETHROUGH AGAINST THE INNER FACE OF THE OTHER BAFFLE VANE, AND THE FREE EDGES OF SAID BAFFLE VANES BEING SUBSTANTIALLY COAXIAL WITH THE OUTER EDGES OF THE SLOT. 